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Social Science
Chapter - 1. The Separation of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement
Mark: - 1
Short Short Questions
1. Choose the correct answer:
(i) In whose time was the ‘Bengal Separation Scheme’ implemented? [HSLC 14]
(a) Lord Curzon
(b) Lord William Bentinck
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Mountbatten
Answer: (a) Lord Curzon
(ii) Which British ruler helped to establish the Muslim League in 1906? [HSLC 15]
(a) Lord Curzon
(b) Lord Minto
(c) Lord Ripon
(d) Lord Cornwallis
Answer: - (c) Lord Ripon
(iii) Did the British government overthrow the Bengal system by capturing Garbar in Delhi? [HSLC 16]
(a) July 20, 1905
(b) December 2, 1911
(c) December 13, 1908
(d) August 15, 1906
Answers: - (b) 2 December, 1911
(iv) During whose period was the Patal Plan of Bengal implemented?
(a) Lord Curzon
(b) King William Bentinek
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Mountbatten
Answer: - (a) Lord Curzon
(v) ‘Bengal Chemical’ was founded by
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) Arabinda Ghosh
(c) Surendranath Banerjee
(d) Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy
Answer: - (d) Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy
2. Who composed the song “Bande Mataram”? [HSLC ’11, 14]
Answer: -BANKIM CHANDRA CHATTOPADHYAY
3. Who was Lal-Bal-Pal ’? [HSLC ’12]
Ans: -Lala Lajpat Ray, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Paul.
4. Who was King Minto? [HSLC ’13]
Ans: -Lord MInto was the deputy of India after Lord Curzon.
5. Name a historical event that occurred during the reign of King Curzon.
Answer: -Bengal division.
6. When did Sepoy Mutiny happen?
Answer: 1857
7. What is the second largest political unrest in India after Sepoy Mutiny in 1857?
Ans: -The division of Bengal is the second major political crisis in India after the Sepoy Munity in 1857.
8. When did the national army become the most powerful force in the province of Bengal?
Ans: -In the latter part of the 19th century and before the 20th century the national organization became very powerful in the province of Bengal.
9. Who created the new province by merging East Bengal with Assam?
Answer: Lord Curzon.
10. When did the British government introduce the Law?
Answer: 1773.
11. What is the British Government's promotion to the post of Governor of the Presidency of Bengal?
Answer: -To the level of Governor General.
12. What was under the control of the Governor of Fort William by the Governing Body of 1773?
Ans: -The governor of Bombay and Madras was placed under control.
13. When was the Treaty of Allahabad signed?
Answer: In 1765 A.D.
14. Who are the signatories to the Allahabad Agreement?
Ans: -The signatories to the Allahabad treaty were Mughal Governor Shah Alam and Robert Clive.
15. When did the English take steps to overthrow the Indian empire?
Ans: -After the Sepoy Munity in 1857.
16. What was also included in the English revolution of the Indian subcontinent?
Answer: -The division of Bangal.
17. What was the site of Assam when it was created on 7th February 1874?
Location: -54,000 sq miles.
18. What was the population of Assam when it was created on 7, 1874?
Answer: -41,50,000.
19. Name the post created by the English state of Assam?
Answers: -The position of Chief Commissioner.
20. Who was the first high commissioner of Assam?
Ans: - R.H.Keatings was the first commissioner of Assam.
21. From whose end, did English colonization be established throughout India?
Answer: -From the 2nd place of Robert Clive to the reign of Lord Dalhousie.
22. Who was Andrew Fraser?
Andrew Fraser was the High Commissioner for Madhya Pradesh.
24. Who proposed to King Curzon to change the border between Madhya Pradesh and Bengal in 1901?
Andrew Fraser offered a proposal to Lord Curzon.
25. When did Andrew Fraser make a proposal to Lord Curzon to change the local border of Madhya Pradesh and Bengal?
Answer: 1901.
26. Whom did Fraser propose to change the border between Madhya Pradesh and Bengal in 1901?
Answer: To Lord Curzon.
27. What happened at Orissa in 1866 AD?
Answer: - Hunger broke out.
28. How many people lost their lives in the famine-stricken Orissa in 1866 A.D?
Answer: About 10,000 people lost their lives.
29. Who put the proposal for the separation of Bengal before the government of England?
Answer: -Viceroy Lord Northbrook.
30. Who proposed separation. Orissa and Sambalpur from Bengal and include Madhya Pradesh?
Answer: Andrew Fraser.
31. Who proposed the inclusion of Chattagram in Assam for the purpose of expanding the tea business?
Answer: -J.Bamfylde Fuller.
32. When was the Yandabu agreement signed?
Answer: 24 February 1826.
33. When was Cachar put under British rule in India?
Answer: 1832.
34. When was the Hills Hour put under British rule in India?
Answer: 1833.
35. When was the Jaintia Hills brought under British rule in India?
Answer: 1835.
36. When were the provinces of Motok and Sadiya annexed by British rule in India?
Answer: 1839.
37. When was the province of Khamti placed under British rule in India?
Answer: 1843.
38. When was Singfoo put under British rule in India?
Answer: 1843.
39. When was the Angami Naga Hills annexed by English rule in India?
Answer: 1845.
40. Who was appointed as Lt. Governor of Bengal in 1903?
Answer: Andrew Fraser.
41. Who commissioned Andrew Fraser to carry out a plan for the redevelopment of the Bengal state border?
Answer: -Viceroy Lord Curzon.
42. When did Andrew Fraser present his plan for the redrawing of the Bengal district border to King Curzon?
Answer: March 28, 1903.
43. When did King Curzon prepare a detailed proposal for the division of Bengal?
Answer: 1 June 1903.
44. Who was Herbert Risely?
Ans: -Herbert Risely was the Secretary of State of India.
45. Who made the proposals to extend the Assam border to Chattagram?
Answer: -European tea growers make suggestions.
46. Name a high commissioner who, in his second term, proposed proposal to merge Chattagram, the two provinces of Dhaka and Maimonsing into Assam.
Answer: William E. Ward.
47. How far did the lands of Dhaka, Chattagram, and Rajshahi cover?
Ans: -These three areas are covered by an area of about 1,06,540 square miles.
48. What would be the proposed ‘Eastern Bengal and Assam’ capital?
Ans: - Dhaka was the capital.
49. When did Lord Curzon send a proposal for the division of Bengal to the Secretary-General of India in London for the necessary approval?
Answers: February 2, 1905.
50. Who ratified Lord Curzon's proposal for the separation of Bengal and informed the Indian government by text message?
Answer: John Brodic.
51. When did the British government publish Lord Curzon's proposal to divide Bangal?
Answer: 1st September 1905.
52. When was it officially announced that the division of Bengal would begin on 16th October?
Answer: 1st September 1905.
53. What date was in 1905 when the division of Bengal came into operation?
Answers: - 16 OCT 1905.
54. Mention an article published in Sanjibani magazine that made people happy.
Answer: - "Bangar Sabanash".
55. Who was the editor of Sanjibani magazine?
Answer: Krishna Kumar Mitra.
56. Where was the first protest meeting against the proposed division of Bangal?
Ans: - Khulna (Bagarbari).
57. Name the college whose first students wandered out of their classrooms and participated in an effort to combat the segregation of Bangal.
Answers: - Students at Ripon College (Surendranath College).
58. What patriotic song did the students sing about boycotting foreign goods?
Ans: - Mukunda Das' patriotic song, "Hey Banga Janani, Swarna Prasabini ……".
59. When do the people of Bengal celebrate ‘national mourning day’?
Answers: -16 OCT 1905.
60. By whose suggestion, all Bengal households avoided cooking on 16 October 1905?
Answers: - Ramendra Sundar Trivedi.
61. What was seen on 16th October 1905 by the people of Bengal at the call of Rabindranath Tagore?
Answer: - Rakhi Bandhan.
62. Who laid the foundation stone of the ‘Kingdom Hall’ as a symbol of Bengal unit and values?
Answer: -Ananda Mohan Bose.
63. Who organized the ‘Bengali’ (1904)?
Answer: Surendranath Banerjee.
Who edited 'Sanjibani' (1906)?
Answer: Krishna Kumar Mitra.
Who organized the 'Sandhya' (1906)?
Answer: - Brahmabandhab Upadhyay.
Name the game written after the Swadeshi movement.
Answer: - “Palashir Praychitta”.
Who wrote the play, ‘Sirajuddoula’?
Answer: - Girish Ghose.
Name a letter that was written after the Swade movement.
Answer: - ‘Joy Sangeet’ by Pramathnath Ray Choudhury.
How many patriotic songs have Rabshranath Tagore composed for the Swadeshi movement?
Answers: -23 numbers of patriotic songs.
Sing a song that has won the status of Bangladesh's national anthem.
Answer: - “Aamar Sonar Bangla, Ami tomay Vlaobashi ……”.
Who wrote the national anthem of Bangladesh?
Answers: - Rabindranath Tagore.
Who was the editor of the Jugaantar magazine published during the Swade movement?
Answer: - Bhupendra Dutta.
Under the presidency, a large student meeting was organized at Pataldanga Mallikbari on 4 Nov 1905?
Answers: - Rabindranath Tagore.
Who named the University of Calcutta as a slave house during the Swade movement?
Ans: - Satish Chandra Mukherjee, Editor of ‘The Dawn’.
When was the institution named after the National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parishad) established in Bengal?
Answer: 11 March 1906.
Under whose leadership, the National Council for Education (Jatiya Siksha Parisad) was founded on 11th March 1906?
Answer: - Rasbihari Bose.
When was the Bengal National College founded?
Answers: - 15 AUG 1906.
Who was the first principal of Bengal National College?
Answer: - Arabinda Ghose
How many high schools were established during the Swade movement?
Answers: - 62 High Schools and 3000 Primary Schools.
Under whose financial assistance was the Bengal Technical Institute founded?
Answers: - The Honorable Brriester Taraknath Palit.
Name a prominent female leader of the Swadeshi movement.
Answer: - Sarala Devi Choudhurini.
Who edited the ‘Bharti’ magazine?
Answer: - Sarala Devi Choudhurini.
What was Sister Nibedita's real name?
Answer: Margaret Elizabeth Noble.
Name the textile farm founded by Rabindranath Tagore.
Answer: - Swadeshi Bhandar.
Who was the main presenter of the industry called Bengal Chemicals?
Answer: - Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy.
Who founded the steel industry in 1907?
Answer: - Jamshedji Tata.
When was India's first industrial conference held?
Answers: 17th DEC 1905.
Where was India's first industrial conference?
Answer: In Varanashi.
India's first industrial conference was held under whom 17 December December 1905?
Answers: - R.C. Dutta.
Who became the Viceroy of India after King Curzon?
Answers: - Lord Minto.
When was the entire Indian Muslim League formed?
Answers: 30th DEC 1906.
Under whose leadership did the Indian National Congress accept the swaraj proposal from the Indians?
Answer: - Dadabhai Noraji.
Q.93.When was Viceroy's time when the division of Bengal took place?
Answers: - Lord Curzon.
Short / Long Answer type Questions :-
1. Name the three main geographical regions of Bengal connected to the East Bengal Province and Assam created after the division of Bengal. (2/3 marks)
Answers: - Rajshahi, Dhaka and Chattagram were the three main geographical regions of Bengal connected by the Province of East Bengal and Assam by Lord Curzon, Viceroy of the British government.
2. Write a brief description of the objectives of the Bengal separation plan. (4/5 marks)
Answers: -The main objectives or objectives of the British Government-led division of Bengal were: -
i. Stopping the growing wave of nationalism that was emerging rapidly in the province of Bengal.
ii. To end the Hindu-Muslim unity that will break the stability of the British Empire.
iii. Breaking the province of Bengal in such a way that Muslims become a minority in a protected province while Muslims become a minority in a protected province while Hindus become a minority in a newly formed province.
iv. Destroying any opportunities for both parties to unite and fight the government. The British persuaded Muslim leaders to weaken the Hindu-Bengalis who were leading the National Movement.
v.Reducing the growth of anti British extemists within the congress Party.
3. Why was the anti-partition of the Bengal movement called the Swadeshi Movement? Briefly discuss (4/5 marks)
Ans: -The British authorities proposed the separation of Bengal on December 6, 1903. As a response to the separatism, there was a massive public outcry and dissatisfaction against the British rulers, people regardless of race, religion, religion including Bengal leaders like Surendra. Nath Banarjee, Bipin Chandra Pal, Arabindo Ghoshe etc. join the movement .They saw the move as an attempt to end the Hindu-Muslim unity in the province. They started a campaign to collect signatures to build a strong public opinion and public awareness. They handed over 70,000 protest papers to the Secretary-General, but not to the British government. The people then united in protest against the British occupation by launching a massive public protest in Bengal. they misled foreign goods and school using Indian artificial inventions.
The organization has been publicly called to dump and boycott foreign goods and confiscate Indian handicrafts. Students were asked to leave the government. Institutions have also joined national institutions established by the leaders of the Indian Patriotic Leaders.Therefore, this expression (1905-1911) of the anti-British movement in India is known as the Swadeshi Movement.
4. Discuss the contributions of the Swadeshi Movement towards national education (4/5 marks)
Ans: -The Swadeshi Movement had a profound effect on the widespread National Education at that time. A major contribution of the Swadeshi Movement was the creation of awareness among students about nationalism and patriotism. The result was a govt infidelity. an order issued by R.W Carlyle dated 10 Oct 1905, urges the student not to join an anti-government movement. The Student Community staged a vigorous protest and saw the exit from the classroom as a signal of protest. On November 4, 1905, Rabindranath Tagore organized a large student rally in Pataldanga, Mallikbari to protest against an unjust government weed. Leading Leaders like Bipin Chandra Pal, Rabindranath Tagore, Abdul Rasid etc. asked the Students to leave the government. institutions.Satish Ch. Mukherjee started a national institution called 'Dawn Society'. The community expressed their dissatisfaction with the law of the Lord Curzon University in 1904 and the Carlyle Circular in 1905. On November 8, 1905, Rabindranath Tagore founded a group of educational institutions called 'Banga Jatiya Vidyalaya' in Calcutta. and Rangpur.
Following the example of Rabindranath Tagore many famous people founded various schools throughout Bengal. Under the leadership of Rashbihari Bose, Jatiya Siksha Parishad was established on March 11, 1905 in Calcutta City Hall, Bengal National College was established on August 15, 1906. In this way more than 62 high schools and 3000 primary schools were established. .Moreover many other institutions were established as a major contribution of the Swadeshi Movement towards National Education.
5. How did the national industry develop the Swadeshi Movement? Explain briefly. (4/5 marks)
Ans: - The Swadeshi Movement has led a spirit of self-improvement in Indian industries. With the advent of foreign goods, people have now become the product of mindless local industries, which have sprung up in various parts of the world. Weaving machines, handloom factories, soap factories, sugar factories, etc. Along with industry, national banks and national insurance companies came into existence. Banga Lakshmi Mill and Mohini Mill, two Swadeshi textile industries meet the needs of Swadeshi textiles in Bengal. The Bengal Chemical and Pharmaceutical Company was founded under the initiative of Acharya Prafulla Ch. Roy.Nilratan Sarkar founded Banga Lakhi Cotton Mill.Jamshedji Tata founded the steel industry.Bihari sen jointly founded the Indian Stores at Bou Bazar Calcutta to sell swadeshi goods, many swadeshi shops were established in towns and cities.As the need for swadeshi articles expanded the Dawn community and the Anti circular society took on the responsibility of providing these articles from house to house at a costly cost.Sarala Devi founded 'Lakshmi Bhandar' on Cornwallis Street in Calcutta receiving inspiration from it. The first Indian Industrial Conference was held in Varanasi. under the Chairmanship of RCDutta.The conference created awareness among the people of India about the prospects for the private sector.It was the first period of Indian history when the industrial development and trade of Modern India took place.
6. What anti-movement measures were taken by the British to rule the Swadeshi Movement?
Ans: -The British took a few steps to govern the Swadeshi Movement.Lord Curzon gave a limited group of congreee leaders various positions for tittle post, medals etc. Bengal .The Congress Leaders suchas Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Bipin Ch. Pal njll. However, he stood firm and returned the medals honoring the position given to him by the government. .Popal Krishna Gokhale was the first to return the title 'Knighthood' to the English. movements of the Indian National Congress. To a large extent, they promote this.) In spite of all his policies Lord Curzon has failed to control the anti-segregation movement.
7. Name the three results of Swadeshi Movemovent. (3/4/5 marks)
Answer: -The three outcomes of Swadeshi Movemovent were: -
i) National Industrial Growth: - Swadeshi Movemovent for the first time brought people together in a glorious way.
ii) National Literature Development: - Many magazines, newspapers, books, drama, songs and articles promoting nationalism and patriotism were published during this period. Under the leadership of Abanindranath Thakur .The foundation of Indian Fine Arts was established from the west. influence.
iii) Establishment of the Islamic Movement: -The English tried to divide the Indians by religion, by divisions etc. .To keep their imperialist state in place.After gaining special political benefits from the British, Muslims were encouraged to form a political party. an organization called the entire Indian Muslim League.This league because of the great power as it weakened the success of the Indian National Congress.
8. Name the three contributions of Swadeshi Movemovent (marks 3/4/5).
Answers: -The main contributions of Swadeshi Movemovent are: -
i) Provided awareness of mass movement: -Indian politically recognized the power of mass mobilization.
ii) Women attracted to mass mobilization: - Indian women empowered by Theb Swadeshi Movement. Everyone in Bengal fasted on the day Prafulla Chaki was killed. Thousands of women took part in a protest against police in Bhupendra Nath Dutta, the son of Bhubanisan Devi.
iii) The Aronsed Requirement of Swaraj: - A sense of nationalism prompted the Swades movement to arouse the desire for 'Saraj' which means independence. This need was raised during the Calcutta Summit in 1906 under the Presidency of Dadabhai Naoroji, although the Indians were privileged to claim Swaraj through the Swadeshi Movement.
9. Briefly write about the objectives of the separation of Bangal. (4/5 marks)
Ans: -The main hidden purpose of the Bengal division was to break or divide the Hindu-Muslim Unity.The capital of Eastern Bengal and Assam would be Dhaka. The proposed province had a population of about 3.10 crores. 1.8 crores and Hindus were 1.2 lacs. Calcutta, on the other hand, would be the capital of the proposed 'Bengal Province' and had a population of about 5.4 crores. Among these Hindus were 4.2 crores and only 90,000 Muslims. But compared to the people of Bihar and Orissa, the Bengals were the minority of King Curzon who proposed to make the area of Bengal smaller and the area of Assam larger for better management but the hidden agenda behind it also came to light. Herbert Risley's letter to Lord Curzon stated, "United Bengal with great power, division will end this great unity." India by weakening Hindu-Bengali political funds and thus hindering the growth of Indian nationalism. In order to meet these public aspirations they needed to spread.
Write short notes:-
i) Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore: -
Ans: -Rabindranath Tagore is one of the best people ever produced by Bengal abroad. He was a famous songwriter, playwright, poet, writer, artist, educator, philosopher and reformer. His collection of 23 patriotic songs, author and song in the Swadeshi Movement will always be a treasure of Indian Culture. The songs, 'Amar Sonar Banglav Ami Tomake Bhalobashi' won the National Anthem of Independent Bangladesh. Songs, 'Jodi Tor Daak Shune Kew Naa ashe, Tobe Ekla Chalo U Re… .. ', you get endless thunder. His title 'Bhai Bhai Ek Thai' promoted the spirit of the Swadeshi Movement. In his inspiring speech he called on the people to maintain Social Cohesion. In order to stop buying and selling British goods, students decided to continue the recording program at business centers. Rabindranath Tagore celebrated 16 October 1905, the day the Bengal secession began, became Rakhibandhan's day in strengthening Hindu-Muslim Unity. of Muslims as a symbol of brotherhood.It was associated with the establishment of a national education series and an institution named 'Banga Jatiya Vidyalas' during this period .He also encouraged the spread of local industries and began in this context. a stall named 'Swadesh Bhandar' which over the years became a respected Indian textile company in Calcutta.His figures made a significant contribution to the history of Indian Liberation.
ii) Margaret Elizabeth Nobel
Ans: -Margaret Elizabeth Nobel (1864-1911), also known as Sister Nibedita, was the Queen of Ireland. During the Swadeshi Movement she was regarded as the best-known national leader of the Bengal woman. During his stay in Calcutta he had joined the Youngman's Hindu Union, Vivekananda Society, Dawn Society and Anumilan Sammitee and encouraged young people and women to become more independent by engaging in traditional industries. The courage of the Bengal women astonished the British rulers. Concerning the courage of the Bengal women, the Daily Telegraph, of London on 11 October 1907 wrote: Bengal women are the most stubborn and dangerous opponents in England. his sister Nibedita is regarded as the immortal soul of the national organization in our country.
iii) Nawab Salimullah
Ans: - Nawab Salimullah khan is regarded as the founder of the muslim League. He founded the Muslim League in 1906 to protect the interests of Muslims in the country.
He was the Nawab of a small village near Dhaka on Feb. 18, 1904, organized a large gathering in Dhaka and called on the Muslim people to stand united against the Hindus. King Curzon lent 14 lacs to Nawab with little interest for this purpose. After Curzon promised Muslim kings of the world to provide special services. It was Salimullah who organized a meeting of Muslim leaders on December 30, 1906 in Dhaka and formed the Islamic Party led by Naab Bikor-Ul-Mulook. Nawab Salimullah proclaimed Muslim loyalty to the British and thus weakened the Indian National Congress .After the death of Salimullah, a character who followed the rules of the Islamic organization saw many changes.